Repair and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment.

The daily maintenance of mining machinery can be roughly divided into three types: cleaning maintenance, lubrication maintenance and tightening maintenance. Because the working environment and working humidity and temperature of mining enterprises are different, the corresponding maintenance and maintenance methods are also different. The three-level maintenance system reflects the shift of the focus of maintenance management from repair to maintenance, and the maintenance management policy of prevention is more clear. The three-level maintenance system includes: daily maintenance of equipment, first-level maintenance and second-level maintenance. The three-level maintenance system is a mandatory maintenance system that focuses on maintenance and repair of equipment by operators. The three-level maintenance system relies on all employees, gives full play to the enthusiasm of all employees, implements group management and group maintenance, and combines professionals and groups to do a good job in equipment maintenance.

1. Daily maintenance of equipment Daily maintenance of equipment generally includes daily maintenance and weekly maintenance, also known as daily routine maintenance and weekly routine maintenance. 1. Daily routine maintenance Daily routine maintenance is carried out by equipment operators on duty, and they must conscientiously do four things before the shift, five things to pay attention to during the shift and four things after the shift. (1) Four things before the shift Digest the drawings and materials and check the handover records. Wipe the equipment and lubricate and oil it according to regulations. Check whether the handle position and manual operation parts are correct and flexible, and whether the safety devices are reliable. Check whether the transmission is normal during low-speed operation, and whether the lubrication and cooling are smooth. (2) Five things to pay attention to during the shift Pay attention to the operating sound, the temperature, pressure, liquid level, electrical, hydraulic, and pneumatic systems, instrument signals, and safety insurance of the equipment. (3) Four things to do after the shift Turn off the switch and return all handles to zero position. Remove iron filings and dirt, wipe off the oil stains on the equipment guide rails and sliding surfaces, and add oil. Clean the work area and organize accessories and tools. Fill in the handover record and operation table time record, and go through the handover procedures. 2. Weekly maintenance Weekly maintenance is carried out by equipment operators at the end of each week. The maintenance time is: 2 hours for general equipment and 4 hours for precision, large, and rare equipment. (1) Appearance Clean the equipment guide rails, various transmission parts and exposed parts, and clean the work area. Make sure that the inside and outside are clean without dead corners and rust, and the surrounding environment is clean. (2) Operate the transmission Check the technical condition of each part, tighten the loose parts, and adjust the matching clearance. Check interlocking and safety devices. Make sure the transmission sound is normal, safe and reliable. (3) Hydraulic lubrication Clean the oil line, dustproof felt, oil filter, add oil to the oil tank or change the oil. Check the hydraulic system to make sure the oil is clean, the oil circuit is unobstructed, there is no leakage, and there is no grinding damage. (4) Electrical system Wipe the surface of the motor and wire casing, check the insulation and grounding, and make it complete, clean and reliable.

2. First-level maintenance. First-level maintenance is mainly carried out by operators, with the assistance of maintenance workers. According to the plan, the equipment is partially disassembled and inspected, the specified parts are cleaned, the oil circuit and pipeline are unblocked, the oil line, felt, oil filter are replaced or cleaned, the matching clearance of various parts of the equipment is adjusted, and various parts of the equipment are tightened. The time for first-level maintenance is 2-4 hours. After the first maintenance is completed, records should be made and defects that have not been cleared should be noted. The mechanical and electrical equipment department organizes the acceptance. The operator should fill in the maintenance record in detail, and the acceptance form should be submitted to the equipment department for filing. The scope of the first maintenance should be all the equipment in use in the enterprise, and it should be strictly enforced for key equipment. The main purpose of the first maintenance is to reduce equipment wear, eliminate hidden dangers, extend the service life of equipment, and provide equipment guarantees for completing production tasks until the next maintenance period.

3. Second-level maintenance. Second-level maintenance is mainly carried out by maintenance workers, with the participation of operators. Second-level maintenance is included in the equipment maintenance plan, and the equipment is partially disassembled for inspection and repair, worn parts are replaced or repaired, and the electrical parts are cleaned, oiled, inspected and repaired, so that the technical condition of the equipment fully meets the requirements of the specified equipment integrity standards. The time required for second-level maintenance is about 1-3 days. After the second maintenance is completed, the maintenance worker should fill in the maintenance record in detail, which will be inspected and accepted by the electromechanical equipment department and the operator, and the acceptance form will be submitted to the equipment department for filing. The main purpose of the second maintenance is to make the equipment meet the integrity standards, improve and consolidate the equipment integrity rate, and extend the overhaul cycle. To implement the "three-level maintenance system", operators must achieve "three good", "four skills", "four requirements" for the equipment and abide by the "five disciplines". The three-level maintenance system highlights the status of maintenance in equipment management and planned maintenance work, makes the requirements of "three good" and "four skills" for operators more specific, and improves the knowledge and skills of operators in maintaining equipment. The three-level maintenance system breaks through the relevant provisions of the former Soviet Union's planned maintenance system, improves some of its shortcomings and is more practical. In the implementation of the three-level maintenance system, we also learned and absorbed some practices of the military in managing weapons, and emphasized group management and group maintenance. The three-level maintenance system has achieved good results and experience in Chinese enterprises. Due to the implementation of the three-level maintenance system, the integrity rate of enterprise equipment has been effectively improved, the equipment accident rate has been reduced, the equipment overhaul cycle has been extended, and the equipment overhaul cost has been reduced, achieving good technical and economic results.

4. Maintenance (1) Formulate a practical maintenance plan: To prepare a maintenance plan, it is necessary to master the project tasks, construction plans, and equipment conditions. (3) Equip appropriate maintenance forces: Maintenance forces include equipment and personnel. The type of equipment maintenance can be determined according to process needs, and the number is generally 10%-20% of the mining machinery; maintenance personnel are generally 1/3-1/4 of the number of people on duty. (4) Adopt a reasonable operation method: Currently, the commonly used maintenance methods are divided into comprehensive maintenance methods and professional division of labor operation methods, which can be selected according to actual conditions. (5) Adopt efficient repair methods: Generally, single-machine repair method and assembly interchange repair method are adopted. Single-machine repair method takes a long time to repair and the repair quality is unstable; assembly interchange repair method is currently recognized as the best method for on-site repair. It is to remove the worn parts and replace them with new ones. The replaced parts are repaired under economic and reasonable conditions and then used after passing the inspection. This repair magnification can eliminate the need for intermediate repairs, simplify the repair level, and repair quickly and in a short time, thus greatly improving the equipment integrity rate and attendance rate, increasing the economic benefits of the enterprise, and creating favorable conditions for professional maintenance.

5. Maintenance The daily maintenance of mining machinery is roughly divided into three types: cleaning maintenance, lubrication maintenance and tightening maintenance. Mining enterprises have different working environments and working humidity and temperature, so the corresponding maintenance and maintenance methods are also different. For cleaning and maintenance, generally, the cleaning work is carried out according to the normal cleaning time interval of the mechanical equipment. However, if there is too much dust or dirt in the working environment, the cleaning and maintenance time interval should be shortened. For example, the cleaning of the air filter and the oil change work should be flexibly changed according to the amount of dust in the working environment. When the workload is large, the maintenance frequency can be increased accordingly to avoid some mechanical accidents. There are many factors involved in the repair and maintenance of mining machinery and equipment, and sometimes it is very cumbersome to solve them. Therefore, normal maintenance is conducive to extending the service life of mechanical equipment, improving work efficiency, and reducing the accident rate of mechanical equipment.